Tiger mosquitoes spotted for the first time in Doñana: what you need to know
Researchers say the invasive species is not a danger right now, but stress the importance of stopping it spreading to towns and cities
A new mosquito species has been detected in Doñana Natural Park, Huelva, for the first time, and it is one that health experts are keeping a close eye on.The tiger mosquito, or Aedes albopictus, has been spotted inland in the park, according to researchers from the Doñana Biological Station (EBD), who carried out a monitoring study in 2023. This species is known to transmit diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya, although its presence in the area does not currently pose a serious public health risk.
“There are at least 14 different species of mosquitoes in Doñana,” says EBD researcher Josué Martínez de la Puente. “The most common in the marshes is Aedes caspius, which causes painful bites but does not cause particular concern because it is not a major vector of diseases transmitted to humans.”
What makes the tiger mosquito different is that it is an invasive species, and one that is increasingly being found in new parts of Spain. “We immediately contacted the Pest Control Service of the Huelva Provincial Council,” said Martínez de la Puente, following the discovery. Control measures were quickly introduced, including the use of biological larvicides to target breeding sites and reduce the chance of the insect becoming established in the park.
The tiger mosquito is known for being resilient. Its eggs can survive dry conditions and are often transported by vehicles, which could explain how it arrived in Doñana. While the risk to people in the park is low due to the sparse population, researchers are urging vigilance. “The real concern is if it spreads to urban areas, where it can become a problem, especially if people carrying the viruses it transmits are also present.”
Meanwhile, attention is still focused on the Culex pipiens mosquito, which is responsible for spreading the West Nile virus (WNV). In 2020, Andalusia saw its worst outbreak to date, with 10 deaths and more than 90 reported cases. After a wet winter and a mild spring, local councils and the regional government are already putting in place preventive measures, especially in areas such as the Odiel Marshes and possibly Doñana as well.
In Huelva, the Provincial Council is considering pest control measures in Doñana, including water management and treatments used elsewhere, and stress that these would not affect nesting birds. However, Martínez de la Puente says treatments in natural environments should be approached with care.
“Each mosquito species has different environmental needs and plays a different role in pathogen transmission,” he explained. “In sensitive areas like Doñana, we need to fully understand what is being proposed before acting.”
What attracts mosquitoes and how to protect yourself
Mosquitoes are drawn to various factors, including body heat, carbon dioxide, and certain scents. Notably, they are attracted to carboxylic acids found in human sweat and some dairy products like cheeses. To minimize bites, it's advisable to wear light-colored, loose-fitting clothing, use insect repellents or natural alternatives like lemon eucalyptus oil, and avoid strong fragrances that can lure mosquitoes.
Image: Pixabay
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